pulse detection
ABSTRACT
We extract heart rate and beat lengths from videos by Measuring subtle head motion caused by the New tonian Reactionto the influx of
blood atea chbeat. Ou rmethod Tracks feature sonthe head and performs principal componentanalysis(PCA) to decompose their trajectories intoase to fcomponentmotions. It then chooses the component that best
corresponds to heart beats based on its temporal frequency spectrum. Finally, weanalyze the motion projected to this component and
identify peaks of the trajectories. When evaluated on 18subjects, our approachreportedheartratesnearlyidentical
toanelectrocardiogramdevice.Additionally, wewere Abletocaptureclinicallyrelevant
formationaboutheart Ratevariability.Newtonian reaction to blood influx into the
head at each heart beat causes subtle headMotion at the same frequency as the
heartbeats.That this head motion can be used to estimate theheartrate. Several
studies have shown that heart rates can be measured accurately by tracking
headmotion using a desktop computer with a static camera. implementation of
vision-basedhead motion tracking on smart phones demonstrated limited accuracy
due to the hand-shakingproblem caused by the non-static camera. The
hand-shaking problem could not be handled effectivelywith only the frontal
camera
images.Italsorequiredamoreaccuratemethodtomeasuretheperiodicityofnoisysignals.Therefore,thisstudyproposesanimprovedhead-motion-basedheart-ratemonitoringsystemusingsmartphones.Toaddressthehand-shakingproblem,theproposedsystemleveragesthefrontandrearcamerasavailableinmostsmartphonesanddedicateseachcameratotrackingfacialfeaturesthatcorrespondtoheadmotionandbackgroundfeaturesthatcorrespondtohand-shaking.Thenthelocationsoffacialfeaturesareadjustedusingtheaveragepointofbackgroundfeatures.Inaddition,acorrelation-basedsignalperiodicitycomputationmethod
isproposedtoaccurately separatethetrueheartrate related componentfromtheheadmotionsignal.Theproposedsystemdemonstratesimprovedaccuracy(i.e.,lowermeanerrorsin-ratemeasurement)comparedtoconventionalhead-motion-basedsystems,andtheaccuracyissufficientfordailyheart-ratemonitoring.
Keywords:heart-ratemonitoring;mobilefacevideo; headmotionanalysis;hand-shaking
handling;healthcare
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